Zurich, Switzerland — In a groundbreaking discovery that blends art and science, a new bioluminescent mushroom species, Mycena crocata, has been identified in the forests of Zurich. Known previously for its saffron-colored latex, this species was not documented to exhibit bioluminescence until now.
The discovery was made by Swiss artists Heidy Baggenstos and Andreas Rudolf during one of their nocturnal explorations in the Albisrieden forest. Fascinated by the interplay of light and nature, the pair had spent over a decade studying bioluminescent organisms. On this particular occasion, they noticed an unexpected green glow emanating from decaying wood.
A Glowing Revelation
Initially mistaking the mushrooms for Mycena haematopus, a known luminescent species, the artists collected samples for further analysis. Collaborating with mycologist Renate Heinzelmann from the Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow, and Landscape Research (WSL), they confirmed that the glowing fungi were indeed Mycena crocata. Their findings were published in the scientific journal Mycoscience.
Light measurements conducted during the study revealed that the luminescence originates primarily from the mushroom’s underground mycelium rather than its fruiting bodies. When the decaying wood containing the mycelium is split open, it glows vividly for up to four hours before fading as the wood dries.
Bioluminescence and Longevity
Cultivated samples of Mycena crocata displayed an extraordinary ability to remain luminescent for up to 164 days under optimal conditions. Genetic analyses confirmed the presence of genes associated with bioluminescence found in other species of the Mycena genus. This makes Mycena crocata a valuable addition to the small but fascinating group of glowing fungi.
Bioluminescent fungi, though relatively rare, are known for their ethereal glow caused by a chemical reaction involving luciferin, luciferase enzymes, and oxygen. However, the ecological function of this glow remains a mystery. While some scientists theorize that it attracts insects to aid in spore dispersal, this does not fully explain why underground mycelium glows, suggesting a purpose yet to be understood.
A Fusion of Art and Science
The collaboration between the artists and scientists highlights the power of interdisciplinary exploration. “Art has an incredible ability to draw attention to phenomena that science can then explain,” said Heinzelmann. The discovery underscores the potential for unearthing extraordinary natural phenomena even in familiar environments.
Implications for Ecology and Research
This discovery sheds light on the hidden wonders of local ecosystems and emphasizes the importance of protecting them. Bioluminescence, an under-researched trait in fungi, could hold the key to understanding new ecological interactions and biochemical processes. Heinzelmann suggested that with more focused research, additional luminescent species are likely to be uncovered.
A Call to Curiosity
As Mycena crocata takes its place among the ranks of nature’s most fascinating creations, it serves as a reminder of the countless mysteries waiting to be discovered in the natural world. Whether through the lens of a scientist or an artist, curiosity remains the driving force behind such remarkable findings.
